Subjective versus Objective Knowledge
This subject hasn’t had enough attention, though it is certainly the cause of much debate, for instance that between evolutionists and creationists.
Knowledge:
Generalizations or accumulations of memories of similar experiences with their interpretations and agreeable to others with expertise in the subject.
Subjective Knowledge:
That which has been acquired by direct experience and interpreted by the experiencer. Subjective knowledge isn’t about objective reality though the two are frequently confused, it is about subjective reality or as some call it, the soul. The two can be very similar if the owner is mature enough to have created an accurate model of the world.
Objective Knowledge:
That which has been acquired by indirect means primarily observation and analysis when one is not personally involved in the activity being observed.
Discussion:
Subjective knowledge is the result of personal experience. The experiencer has had enough similar experiences to reach some generalization about them, which we can label knowledge. I would generalize that these are mainly relationship experiences, where relationship is understood in the broadest possible sense.
Objective knowledge is obtained indirectly, mainly via books. Scientific knowledge, to be valid must be objective. One cannot know the distance to a star directly but only by analyzing its light. Direct knowledge of the distance between two objects can be had by walking from one to the other. One can know subjective knowledge objectively, for instance by studying psychology or religion.
Religion is about subjective knowledge. If one only knows religion through education, then he is objectively knowledgeable but not necessarily religious. When one expresses opinions about a subject of which he has only objective knowledge to someone who has subjective knowledge, the opinion will be thought lacking. As an example, if person A is eating a radish and trying to explain the sensation to person B who hasn’t had the experience, his efforts will be inadequate and for person B to hold opinions on the experience would be presumptuous.
Subjective experience reaches us via sensation or something analogous like dreams and interpreted by feelings. They can be transmitted to us by others via mythology or fairy tales but without the associated feelings which dramatically limits their usefulness.
On the other hand objective knowledge when transmitted via textbooks, for example, can be nearly as useful as the original experience, maybe more so if the producer of the textbook helps us interpret the observations.
Objective knowledge is the product of the human intellect mostly without the help of feelings. This is what separates us from other life forms on the planet. They are without intellect as far as we know and are therefor prisoners of subjectivity.
The most alarming thing about modern life is the dismissal of subjective knowledge as worthless which will make us, if carried to extreme, prisoners of objectivity. Since objective knowledge comes to us unmediated by feelings, the prospect is of a cold and uncaring world. One doubts that we could survive long in such a state.
The difference between these two can be demonstrated by an observer watching a person falling off a cliff. The observer has objective knowledge of the event while the faller has subjective knowledge as he falls. The watcher will experience feelings but not direct ones. It is similar to watching a play. We imagine what the depicted experience would be like and grade the playwright on his ability to make clear to us the meaning of what is portrayed.
Feelings can vary from one individual to another since they are mediated by the understanding of the experiencer of himself and the world. For example, if one takes a child to a performance designed to elicit fear, the child will experience it more intensely because the child lacks the experience of acting.
Feminists, those who experience the world in terms of the goddess (deify the earth, however slightly), live in a world of subjective knowledge often called compassion. Compassion is second hand subjective knowledge which allows those with the ability to feel someone else’s pain or joy. Masculinists, those who experience the world in terms of the god (are religious, however slightly), live in a world of objective knowledge often called justice. For example, to conclude that someone else has sinned would be an objective judgement regarding the other’s subjective experience.
(According to Jungian philosophy, humans interact with the world via four functions: thinking, feeling, intuition, and sensation. Most are familiar with thinking. Feeling is thought to be its opposite, thus as thinking increases, feeling decreases. Feeling is often confused with sensation as in "here, feel this," which would be more properly stated, "here, sense this." The most common feeling is that which tells us the relative value of a thing for our purposes. For example, if one’s spouse asked one to judge which ornament was nicer.)